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Heavy snow, freezing rain, and extreme cold can have a tremendous impact on individual communities or entire regions. Storms can last for days, resulting in power outages, blocked or closed roads, and flooding. Being prepared for winter storms includes understanding weather-related terms, winterizing homes and vehicles, and protecting family members, pets, livestock, and neighbors.

Preparing for Winter Storms

• Vehicles should have snow tires or all-weather tires with good tread; carry tire chains in mountainous regions
• Always keep the vehicle's fuel tank at least half-full during the winter months
• Equip each vehicle with a winter car kit: shovel, blankets, extra mittens and hats, booster cables, flashlight and batteries, first aid kit, bright cloth flag, snacks, and water
• Monitor NOAA for reliable winter storm warnings and wind chill information
• Consider a battery or crank-operated weather-alert radio

Personal Safety

• Dress in loose, lightweight layers with boots, hats, and mittens — mittens keep fingers warmer than gloves
• Much of the body's heat escapes through the head — always wear a hat
• When shoveling, avoid overexertion — cold weather puts an added strain on the heart
• Watch for hypothermia symptoms: uncontrollable shivering, slow or slurred speech, disorientation, and exhaustion. A core temperature below 95°F is a common indicator
• Watch for frostbite: loss of feeling and white or pale appearance in extremities such as fingers, toes, ear lobes, or the nose. Seek medical help immediately — frostbite can cause permanent damage

Home Safety

• Be prepared for potential power outages with safe alternate heating sources
• Be aware of carbon monoxide poisoning risk from portable generators and unvented heating sources
• Address roof ice dams and attic condensation issues after heavy snowfall
• Provide extra food and unfrozen water for outdoor pets; limit outdoor time for indoor pets

Farm Safety

• Prepare livestock care plans for winter storms — preparedness may mean the difference between life and death for farm animals
• After heavy snowfall, monitor snow loads on barn roofs

Travel Considerations

Statistics indicate 70 percent of injuries occurring during snow and ice conditions involve motor vehicle crashes. Travel during daylight on main roads where snow removal occurs first. Share travel plans with family. If stranded, remain with your vehicle with hazard lights on.

Never attempt to drive through standing or moving water — as little as 6–12 inches can cause a vehicle to float and lose control.